Editorship

Editors are responsible for making publication decisions based solely on the intellectual merit, originality, and relevance of the submitted work. They must ensure fairness, impartiality, and confidentiality throughout the editorial process.

Editors shall not discriminate against authors based on race, gender, institutional affiliation, or personal beliefs. They are also responsible for handling ethical complaints and taking appropriate actions such as corrections or retractions when necessary.

Ethics

All submitted manuscripts must comply with ethical standards in research and publication. Authors must ensure that their work is original, properly cited, and free from fabrication, falsification, or unethical practices.

The journal strictly prohibits duplicate submissions and redundant publications. Ethical compliance is mandatory at every stage of the research and publication process.

Transparency & Best Practice

The journal follows principles of transparency in editorial procedures, peer review, and publication processes. Clear information regarding submission, review, acceptance, and publication is made available to authors and readers.

Transparency ensures accountability and strengthens the credibility of published research by maintaining clarity in editorial decisions and processes.

Plagiarism

The journal has a zero-tolerance policy toward plagiarism. All submissions are screened using plagiarism detection tools.

Authors must ensure that their work is entirely original and properly cites all sources. Any form of plagiarism, including self-plagiarism, will lead to rejection or retraction of the manuscript.

Conflict of Interest

Authors, reviewers, and editors must disclose any financial, personal, or professional conflicts of interest that may influence the research or its evaluation.

Reviewers should decline assignments where conflicts exist, ensuring unbiased and objective assessment of manuscripts.

Informed Consent

For research involving human participants, authors must confirm that informed consent has been obtained from all participants.

The research must comply with applicable ethical standards and institutional guidelines.

Confidentiality

All submitted manuscripts are treated as confidential documents. Editors and reviewers must not disclose any information regarding submissions to unauthorized individuals.

Confidentiality must be maintained throughout and after the review process.

Funding Source

Authors must disclose all sources of funding and financial support for their research.

The role of funding agencies in study design, data collection, analysis, and publication must be clearly stated.

Human & Animal Research

Research involving human participants or animals must be approved by relevant ethics committees.

Authors must confirm compliance with institutional, national, and international ethical guidelines, including humane treatment of subjects.

Availability of Data & Materials

Authors are encouraged to provide access to data supporting their research findings.

Data availability statements should clearly indicate whether data is publicly accessible, available upon request, or included within the manuscript.

Appealing Editorial Decisions

Authors have the right to appeal editorial decisions if they believe an error has occurred.

Appeals must be supported by valid justification and will be reviewed by the editorial board. Final decisions will be communicated transparently.

Citations

Authors must appropriately acknowledge the work of others. All references must be accurate and relevant.

Misleading or inappropriate citations intended to manipulate metrics are strictly prohibited.

Reviewer Suggestions / Exclusions

Authors may suggest potential reviewers; however, the editorial board reserves the right to make the final selection.

Authors may also request exclusion of certain reviewers with valid justification to avoid conflicts of interest.

Post-publication Corrections

The journal ensures the integrity of the scholarly record by allowing post-publication updates when necessary.

Errors identified after publication will be corrected through formal notices.

Corrections

Minor errors that do not affect the overall findings of the article will be corrected through published correction notices.

Retractions

Articles may be retracted in cases of serious ethical violations, including plagiarism, data fabrication, or significant errors.

Retraction notices will clearly state the reason for retraction.

Expressions of Concern

In cases where there is uncertainty regarding the integrity of a published article, the journal may issue an expression of concern while investigations are ongoing.