Editorship

Editors play a central role in maintaining the integrity, quality, and credibility of the journal. They evaluate submitted manuscripts solely on the basis of academic merit, originality, relevance, clarity, and contribution to the field, without discrimination based on race, gender, institutional affiliation, or personal beliefs.

Editors ensure a fair, unbiased, and timely peer review process while maintaining strict confidentiality of submitted materials. They must avoid conflicts of interest and recuse themselves from handling manuscripts where such conflicts arise.

Ethics

The journal enforces strict adherence to ethical standards across all stages of research and publication. Authors must present accurate, honest, and original work supported by appropriate data and references.

Practices such as fabrication, falsification, manipulation of data, duplicate submission, and unethical research are strictly prohibited and may lead to rejection or retraction.

Transparency & Best Practice

The journal is committed to transparency in editorial decision-making, peer review procedures, authorship criteria, and publication policies.

Best practices include accurate reporting, proper acknowledgment of contributions, editorial independence, and prevention of undue influence from external stakeholders.

Plagiarism

The journal maintains a strict zero-tolerance policy toward plagiarism in all forms. All submissions are screened using plagiarism detection tools prior to peer review.

Plagiarism includes copying, paraphrasing without attribution, self-plagiarism, and reuse of published work without acknowledgment. Detected cases will result in rejection or retraction, and serious violations may lead to author sanctions.

Conflict of Interest

All authors, reviewers, and editors must disclose any conflicts of interest that may influence the objectivity of their work, including financial, institutional, or personal relationships.

Full disclosure ensures transparency and trust. Failure to disclose conflicts may result in rejection, correction, or retraction.

Informed Consent

For research involving human participants, authors must obtain informed consent prior to conducting the study.

Participants must be informed about the purpose, procedures, risks, and benefits, and their rights and privacy must be protected at all times.

Confidentiality

Editors and reviewers must treat all manuscripts as confidential and must not disclose or use unpublished information for personal or professional advantage.

Authors must also ensure that sensitive or personal data is handled responsibly and disclosed only with proper authorization.

Funding Source

Authors are required to disclose all sources of funding and financial support related to their research.

This transparency allows readers to assess any potential influence or bias in the research findings.

Clinical Trials Registration

Where applicable, clinical trials must be registered in a recognized and publicly accessible registry prior to submission.

Authors must provide registration details to ensure transparency and accountability in research practices.

Human & Animal Research

Research involving human participants or animals must comply with established ethical guidelines and receive approval from appropriate ethics committees.

All research must ensure the safety, dignity, and welfare of participants and adhere to internationally accepted standards.

Appealing Editorial Decisions

Authors have the right to appeal editorial decisions by providing a clear justification and supporting evidence.

The editorial board reviews appeals objectively and may consult additional reviewers before issuing a final decision.

Citations

Authors must ensure accurate and appropriate citation of all sources used in their work.

Citation manipulation, excessive referencing, or inclusion of irrelevant citations is discouraged and may result in rejection.

Reviewer Suggestions / Exclusions

Authors may suggest potential reviewers or request exclusion of certain reviewers due to conflicts of interest.

However, the final selection of reviewers remains the responsibility of the editorial board to ensure impartiality.

Availability of Data & Materials

The journal encourages authors to make research data and supporting materials available whenever possible.

Data availability enhances transparency, reproducibility, and credibility of research findings.

Post-publication Corrections

The journal is committed to maintaining the accuracy of the scholarly record.

Errors identified after publication will be addressed through corrections, retractions, or expressions of concern.

Corrections

Minor errors that do not affect the validity of research findings will be corrected through formal notices linked to the original article.

Retractions

Articles may be retracted in cases of serious ethical violations such as plagiarism, data fabrication, or unethical practices.

Retraction notices will clearly state the reasons and remain permanently linked to the article.

Expressions of Concern

When significant concerns arise regarding a published article, the journal may issue an expression of concern while an investigation is ongoing.

This ensures transparency and informs readers of potential issues until a final decision is made.